Gnome-Rhône Type 14M "Mars" Aircraft Engine — Manual Collection

Variants covered: Series 0 to 35 & Series 48 to 49  |  Total documents: 5  |  Languages: French, German

📋 Document Manifest

Variant: Series 0 to 35 — 4 Documents

Type 14M (0 to 35) Engine Handbook

• Type 14M series 0 to 35 Aircraft Engine – Technical Manual, 1940 — Notice Technique (French)
• Type 14M series 4 to 11 Aircraft Engines Technical Notice — Notice Technique des Moteurs d'Aviation Gnome-Rhône Type 14M (French)
• Type 14M series 4 to 7 Engine Handbook Extract — Auszug aus dem Motorenhandbuch (German)

Type 14M (0 to 35) Operating and Maintenance

• Type 14M series 4 to 11 Aircraft Engine – Operating Manual, 1940 — Betriebshandbuch der Flugmotoren (German)

Variant: Series 48 to 49 — 1 Document

Type 14M (48 to 49) Technical Reports & Certificates

• Type 14M series 48, 49 Aircraft Engine – Engine Data Card, 1942 — Motoren-Karte (German)

⚙️ Engine Overview

The Gnome-Rhône 14M "Mars" is a 14-cylinder, two-row air-cooled radial engine developed by Société des Moteurs Gnome et Rhône (France), first introduced in 1937. Derived as a compact, reduced-frame variant of the 14K Mistral Major, it was engineered to replace older single-row engines while minimizing frontal area for twin-engine airframes.

✈️ Primary Aircraft Applications

Military: Henschel Hs 129 B, Potez 631/633, Gotha Go 244 B, Breguet 693, Hanriot H.220, Morane-Saulnier MS.472
Civilian: Potez 670 and pre-war French light transport/postal prototypes

🔧 Technical Specifications

• Configuration: 14-cylinder, two-row radial
• Displacement: 18.92 litres (1,154.6 cu in)
• Power output: 570–710 hp (peak ~820 hp, late military variants)
• Bore × Stroke: 122 mm × 116 mm
• Compression ratio: 6.5:1
• Dry weight: 419 kg (924 lbs)
• Frontal diameter: 950 mm (37.4 in) — notably compact for a 14-cylinder radial
• Fuel: 87-octane aviation gasoline
• Supercharger: Single-stage, single-speed centrifugal
• Reduction gear: Planetary system

📅 Production & History

Production ran from 1937 to 1944, continuing under German occupation of France. Estimated output: 2,000+ units. Following the 1940 armistice, production was seized by Germany, making the 14M the definitive powerplant for the Luftwaffe's Henschel Hs 129 B tank-buster. Post-war use was limited to trainers such as the MS.472 Vanneau, phased out by the early 1950s.

🏛️ Current Status

No longer in active service. The original Type Certificate holder (Gnome-Rhône) was nationalized in 1945 to form SNECMA, now part of the Safran Group. Surviving examples are held as static museum exhibits at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum and the Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace, Paris.

⚠️ Regulatory Notice: Under FAA 14 CFR § 43.13 and EASA Part-M, any mechanic performing maintenance on an active aircraft must use current, manufacturer-approved revision-controlled data. This archival document does not satisfy that requirement.

This is an archival, static-copy edition fixed at its original publication date. Intended for historical reference, flight simulation, museum restoration, and educational use only. Not approved for active airworthiness maintenance under FAA 14 CFR § 43.13, EASA Part-M, or equivalent international regulations. Operators of active aircraft must use current, revision-controlled publications from the Type Certificate holder or an authorized distributor.

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