Breguet 14 A2 & B2 — Notice Technique & Documents d'Appareil

The Breguet 14 stands as one of the most significant combat aircraft of the First World War and the early interwar period — a pioneering design by Louis Breguet that introduced structural duralumin to military aviation on an industrial scale. Produced in greater numbers than any other French aircraft of the war, the Type 14 served as a two-seat reconnaissance aircraft (A2), day bomber (B2), civil transport (T/T bis), and medical evacuation platform (S). Its robust duralumin skeleton, automatic trailing-edge flaps, and high-lift wing sections gave it exceptional battle-damage tolerance and heavy-load capability that no contemporary could match. The type remained in active French military service well into the 1920s and saw postwar civil and colonial operations across Africa, the Middle East, and Asia.

Document Manifest — 2 Primary-Source Documents

1. Notice Technique de l'Avion Breguet — Type 14 A2, Modèle 1921
Reference: N.C.C.9 | Publisher: Ministère de la Guerre — Aéronautique Militaire
Approved: D.M. N° 2.448 2a du 24 Avril 1923 | Print Run: 300 Ex. | Date: Janvier 1924
Language: French
The official French military technical notice for the Type 14 A2 Modèle 1921 fitted with the Renault 300 CV engine. Issued by the Ministère de la Guerre, Aéronautique Militaire — the primary regulatory authority for French military aviation. Covers airframe description, structural data, powerplant installation, and operational parameters as approved for service use.

2. Notice Technique d'Appareil — Avion Breguet Type 14 T bis
Publisher: Ateliers d'Aviation Louis Breguet, Vélizy-Villacoublay (S.-&-O.)
Bureaux: 115, Rue de la Pompe, Paris XVIe | Télégraphe: BRÉGAVION-PARIS
Language: French
The manufacturer's own technical notice for the civil transport variant, Type 14 T bis. Issued directly by the Ateliers d'Aviation Louis Breguet at Vélizy-Villacoublay. Covers airframe configuration, engine and propeller data, and passenger cabin specifications for the civil conversion.

Airframe Technical Profile

Aerodynamic Configuration

• Type: Two-bay, unequal-span biplane with slight back-stagger layout
• Structure: Oxy-welded steel tubing with structural duralumin — pioneering use of light alloy in military aviation
• Lower wing: Integrated automatic trailing-edge flaps to reduce stall speed
• Drag profile: Un-ducted rectangular nose radiator; elevated parasite drag offset by high-lift wing sections
• Ailerons: Top wing only on early variants; later horn-balanced ailerons to reduce pilot control forces
• Tail: Fixed vertical fin with fabric-covered all-flying rudder assembly

Powerplant

• Standard: Renault 12Fe / 12Fcx — liquid-cooled V-12, 300–310 hp at 1,600 RPM
• Alternatives: Liberty L-12 (400 hp), Fiat A12
• Propulsion: Two-bladed fixed-pitch wooden tractor propeller
• Fuel: Dual internal fuselage tanks, up to 260 litres (combat variants)

Performance Data (Operational State Testing)

• Maximum Speed (at 2,000 m): 175 km/h (109 mph)
• Stalling Speed: 82 km/h (51 mph)
• Service Ceiling: 6,000 m (19,685 ft)
• Time to 4,000 m: 29 minutes
• Operational Endurance: 2 hours 45 minutes
• Empty Equipped Weight: 1,010 kg (2,227 lb)
• Maximum Ordnance Load: 300 kg (660 lb)

Variant Engineering Bulletins

• 14-A2: Reconnaissance — optical floor bays for aerial camera installations
• 14-B2: Day bomber — transparent cockpit side windows and underslung bomb racks
• 14-S: Sanitary evacuation — aft bay converted for double medical stretchers
• 14-T / T bis: Civil passenger — custom passenger cabin and wing-mounted fuel pods

This is an archival, static-copy edition fixed at its original publication date. Intended for historical reference, flight simulation, museum restoration, and educational use only. Not approved for active airworthiness maintenance under FAA 14 CFR § 43.13, EASA Part-M, or equivalent international regulations. Operators of active aircraft must use current, revision-controlled publications from the Type Certificate holder or an authorized distributor.

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